Both paths lead to a green card, but they run through different agencies, take different amounts of time, and carry different risks. Where you are physically located when you file usually decides it for you — but not always.
The interview is less adversarial than most people expect, and more document-driven. Here is how the appointment is structured, what the officer is looking for, and what tends to cause trouble.
Advance parole still keeps a pending I-485 from being treated as abandoned, if you are inspected on return. Since Matter of Delcarmen-Lara (BIA, August 13, 2026, applied prospectively), leaving on advance parole is a departure for the ten-year unlawful presence bar, and a USCIS alert says the same for the three-year bar. What the rules say and what to check first.